摘  要

随着科技的进步和人类文明的发展，人们对停车场的管理要求越来越高，智能化程度也越来越高。道闸系统的普及，不仅给人们的生活带来了便捷，同时也大大节约了人力物力，降低了停车场的运营成本。

本课题的主要内容是围绕某停车场的道闸系统设计，查阅相关方面的资料，了解道闸系统的基本构成，并到现场勘察停车场及其附近周围的实际情况，介绍基于STC89C52RC单片机的一款停车场的道闸系统，该道闸系统采用比传统停车计费方式更优越的红外线检测计费方式，采用红外线检测计费方式，所需存储容量小，具备了自动开启关闭大门功能、自动计费功能、显示功能(显示停车场状况)、查询功能，而且收费方式可以调节，使系统更具灵活性。该停车场的道闸系统操作简单，价格低廉，安装调试方便，很好地解决了临时停车场的管理收费问题。整个停车场的道闸系统操作简单、价格低廉、安装调试方便，能够满足管理临时停车场的要求。本系统的实际开发使用将大大节省临时停车场的管理费用及人手，提高临时停车场的利用效率。此外，该停车场的道闸系统还可以方便地实现信息加密和各种功能扩展，通过改进可成为通用型停车场道闸系统。

关键词：停车场；道闸系统；道闸管理；单片机

Abstract

With the progress of science and technology and the development of human civilization，people’s management of parking lot is more and more demanding，and the degree of intelligence is also higher and higher. The popularization of gate system not only brings convenience to people’s life，but also greatly saves manpower and material resources and reduces the operating cost of parking lot.

The main content of this thesis is to design a gate system around a parking lot，consult the relevant information，understand the basic composition of the gate system，and investigate the actual situation of the parking lot and its vicinity，introduce a gate system of parking lot based on STC89C52RC single chip microcomputer. The gate system adopts the infrared detection and billing method which is superior to the traditional parking charging mode，and adopts the infrared detection and billing method，which has the function of automatically opening and closing the gate，automatic billing function，displaying (displaying parking lot status)，query function，and the charging mode can be adjusted to make the system more intelligent.Activity. The gate system of the parking lot is simple to operate，the price is low，the installation and debugging is convenient，and the management charge problem of the temporary parking lot is well solved. The gate system of the whole parking lot is simple to operate，low price，easy to install and debug，and can meet the requirements of managing the temporary parking lot. The actual development and use of the system will greatly save the management cost and manpower of the temporary parking lot，and improve the utilization efficiency of the temporary parking lot. In addition，the gate system of the parking lot can easily realize information encryption and various functions expansion，and can become a universal parking gate system by improving.

Keywords: parking lot；gate system；gate management；MCU

目  录

摘  要 I

Abstract II

目  录 III

1.引言 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.3 课题的意义和解决的问题 3

2.设计原理 4

2.1 系统总体的框架 4

2.2 系统工作过程 6

3.系统硬件设计 7

3.1 单片机的设计 7

3.2 STC89C52RC的引脚及功能 7

3.3 采样部分介绍 13

3.3.1 检测部分的设计 13

3.3.2 反射型光电传感器模块介绍 13

3.3.3 比较器LM393简介 14

3.4 显示模块的设计 15

3.4.1 液晶显示模块概述 15

3.4.2 用户指令集 16

3.5 按键部分设计 17

3.6 大门控制部分的设计 18

3.6.1 固态继电器介绍 18

3.6.2 栏杆机控制原理 18

4.软件设计 19

4.1 如何进行程序设计 19

4.2 方案设计程序流程图 19

4.3 总电路图 22

4.4调试结果 22

5.结论 25

致  谢 26

参考文献 27

附录A设计程序 28

附录B元器件清单 49