基于51单片机的智能路灯控制系统毕业论文+设计说明+仿真+程序

基于51单片机的智能路灯控制系统

摘  要

本文设计了一种具有时控和光控相结合的太阳能路灯控制器，利用单片机STC12C2051和时钟芯片DS1302控制路灯照明时间，利用低功耗的数据存储器AT24C02存储路灯点亮和熄灭时间，利用光敏电阻实现光电控制。傍晚光线暗时控制器自动接通路灯电源，深夜行人少时根据设置的时间熄灭路灯，早上再自动接通电源点亮路灯、天亮后自动关断。文中详细分析了控制器的电路组成和工作原理，简述了控制器的调试过程。

太阳能路灯由太阳能电池、蓄电池、高亮度LED, 控制器等部件组成，减少噪声污染：太阳能路灯运动部件很少，基本没有噪声。太阳辐射能是取之不尽、用之不竭的,是人类能够自由利用的能源。在世界能源短缺、环境污染日益严重的今天，充分开发利用太阳能是世界各国政府可持续发展的能源战略决策。与传统的照明工具相比，超高亮白光LED照明源体积小、重量轻、方向性好并可耐各种恶劣条件，在功耗、寿命以及环保等方面有不可比拟的优越性，再加上太阳能灯具的节能性和安装简便，所以凡有工频交流电灯具的地方，LED灯具的触角就会到达。21世纪将是以固体发光材料为核心的，即以LED为代表的新型光源、绿色照明的世纪。今后。随着各国政府的高度重视和加大投入，LED必将成为本世纪极具竞争力的新型绿色环保光源而掀起一次照明领域新的革命。

关键词：太阳能电池；LED；铅酸蓄电池；时控、光控电路；充放电控制器

Abstract

This article is designed with a control and light control when the combination of solar street lamp controller, STC12C2051 use of single-chip control and clock chip DS1302 lawn lamp lighting time, the use of low-power AT24C02The data memory storage and extinguish street lamps lit at all times, using Photoelectric control of photoperiod-sensitive resistors to achieve. Controller automatically switches the evening street power, fewer pedestrians late at night time set out under the streetlights, the morning light and then automatically connected to power street lights automatically turn off after dawn. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the controller circuit and working principle of the controller on the process of debugging.

Solar street lights from solar cells, batteries, high-brightness LED, controller and other components to reduce noise pollution: very few moving parts solar street lighting, little noise.Solar radiation is inexhaustible, is free energy to human . Today energy is shortage, environmental pollution is serious in the world, making full use of the solar energy is the world’s governments energy strategy for sustainable development decision-making. Compared with the traditional lighting tools, super bright white LED lighting is small , light weight, good direction and can be resistant to harsh conditions, in power, environmental protection and other aspects of life and has unparalleled advantages, coupled with of solar energy-saving lamps and ease of installation, so that those with the place-frequency alternating current lamps, LED lamps will reach the tentacles. The 21st century will be based on the solid core light-emitting material, that represented a new type of LED light source, green lighting of the century. In the future. As governments attach great importance to and increase investment, LED will become very competitive in this century a new type of green light which gave rise to a new revolution in lighting field.

Key words: solar cell; LED; lead-acid batteries; when the control; light control circuit; charge-discharge controller

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2国内外研究现状和发展趋势 1

1.3本文的主要研究内容 2

第二章 方案论证 3

2.1 设计要求 3

2.2 方案选择 3

第三章 系统总体框图 5

第四章 系统硬件设计 6

4.1 电源电路 6

4.2 太阳能电池板组件 6

4.3 蓄电池 7

4.4 照明负载 8

4.5 蓄电池和太阳能板的选用 9

4.6 显示电路 10

4.7 过充、过放控制电路 11

4.8 DS1302的结构及工作原理 12

4.9 存储器AT24C02简介 13

第五章 系统软件设计 15

结束语 19

参考文献 20

致谢 21

附录1 22